Expediency

May 14th, 2020 by James Goudie KC in Local Authority Powers

Numerous statutory powers are expressed in terms of what is “ expedient “ or “ necessary or expedient “. What is meant by “ expedient”? The use of the word “ expedient” suggests that “ a broad balance or judgment is to be made by the decision-maker”. So said Lieven J at para 43 in Open Spaces Society v SoS for DEFRA (2020) EWHC 1085 ( Admin ), a case on diversion of a public footpath, in accordance with Section 119 of the Highways Act 1980.

 

State Aid

May 13th, 2020 by James Goudie KC in Capital Finance and Companies

Case T-8/18, easy jet Airline Co Ltd v EU Commission, General Court Judgment, about airports in Sardinia, addresses a range of features of State Aid law, including state resources, selective advantage, distortion of competition, affecting trade between member states, and compatibility with the internal market, and, from para 169, especially at paras 185, 200-203, 212 and 218, the Market Economy Operator Principle.

 

Interim Injunctions

May 12th, 2020 by James Goudie KC in Judicial Control, Liability and Litigation

A School’s appeal against the refusal of an interim injunction was dismissed in R ( Governing  Body of X ) v OFSTED (2020) EWCA Civ 594. The injunction sought was to restrain OFSTED from publishing a Report. The Report graded the School as inadequate. The Court of Appeal addressed the approach to interim injunctions in public law proceedings.

 

Ultra Vires

May 7th, 2020 by James Goudie KC in Decision making and Contracts

On the application of the ultra vires doctrine to contracts with public bodies, see SFM v Christ the King College and Isle of Wight Council (2020) EWHC 1118 (Comm). The Judge held that the contract in question was a finance lease rather than an operating lease, I.e. a form of borrowing, and beyond the College’s capacity and ultra vires.

 

 

Disclosure

May 6th, 2020 by James Goudie KC in Judicial Control, Liability and Litigation

It is fundamental to disclosure obligations in litigation that it must not be the client who makes the selection of which documents are relevant and disclosable. That is the responsibility of the solicitor.

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Policies and Consistency

May 4th, 2020 by James Goudie KC in Judicial Control, Liability and Litigation

When there is a statutory discretion is there a requirement to have and publish a policy on the exercise of that discretion? No, says the Northern Ireland Court of Appeal in the context of the discretion of the Secretary of State for Northern Ireland, under the Northern Ireland Act 1998, implementing the Belfast Agreement, to hold a border poll : Application by Raymond McCord for Judicial Review (2020) NICA 23. The case is of general interest on policies, on the rule of law, and on general administrative law principles of consistency, equal treatment, transparency and accountability.

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Habitats

May 1st, 2020 by James Goudie KC in Planning and Environmental

In Case C-254/19, Friends of the Irish Environment v Irish Planning Board, Advocate-General Kokott has on 30 April 2020 delivered her Opinion in relation to the extension of a development consent for the construction of a liquefied natural gas regasification terminal next to two Special Areas of Conservation. The consent was for 10 years. The works had not started. The extension would be for a further 5 years. The primary question was whether the extension was a plan or project within Article 6 of the Habitats Directive. Yes, says the A-G. Therefore it is subject to an appropriate assessment of the implications for wild flora and fauna.

 

Remote Hearings

May 1st, 2020 by James Goudie KC in Judicial Control, Liability and Litigation

Three Court of Appeal Judgments on one day, from an identically constituted Court, on local authorities and remote coronavirus hearings. L (Adoption) (2020) EWCA Civ 577 on covert sibling tests and ECHR Article 8. A (Children) (2020) EWCA Civ 583 providing general guidance. B (Children) (2020) EWCA Civ 584 on procedural principles.

 

Boycotts

April 29th, 2020 by James Goudie KC in Local Authority Powers

Important powers of authorities for themselves and their employees and the authorities of others relate to the Local Government Pension Scheme (the LGPS), for which some authorities are “administering authorities” (AAs). AAs make investments. What are their powers as to what investments they make in that capacity?

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Community Protection Notice

April 27th, 2020 by James Goudie KC in Local Authority Powers

A Community Protection Notice under Section 43 of the Anti-Social Behaviour, Crime and Policing Act 2014 may not be served on person A in respect of anti-social behaviour by person B, say a child, on account of A being in a position to, and expected to, exert control over B. So held by a Divisional Court in Staffordshire Moorlands District Council v Sanderson (2020) EWHC 962 (Admin). Andrews J said, at para 35, that Parliament has chosen not to attribute the anti-social behaviour of one person to another person even if that other person has some power of control unless the behaviour can be treated as if it were the behaviour of that other person. Hickinbottom LJ, at para 41, gave the examples of when the anti-social behaviour is encouraged or supported.