The Government has published Guidance on Local Authority powers to impose coronavirus restrictions to support the No 3 Regulations and the procedures to be followed. The provisions include the following.
- Sources of evidence are identified to establish that each of the 3 conditions for a Direction are met : (1) a “ serious and imminent threat”; (2) a “ necessary” aim; and (3) a “ proportionate “ means.
- Other duties which an authority must take into account are highlighted : (1) PSED; (2) the duty to ensure public access to essential public services and goods, listing categories of essential local and national infrastructure and of premises which form part of essential infrastructure.
- Methods of challenge : (1) Representations to the Secretary of State; (2) Appeal to the Magistrates Court.
On “necessary”, as distinct from “expedient”, see Notts County Council v SF (2020) EWCA Civ 226. On proportionality, the leading case remains Bank Mellat v HMT (2013) UKSC 38/39. Recent PSED cases include Parkin, (2019) EWHC 2356 (Admin), Simone (2019) EWHC (Admin) 2869, and Adiatu (2020) EWHC 1554 (Admin).